Warning to pay more attention to fungal allergic asthma in children
Esmaeil
Mortaz
Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London,
London, UK
author
Seyyed Shamsadin
Athari
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Asthma is a global problem that affects over 300 million people in the world. The main reason of asthma is allergy and atopy. Asthmatic patients are sensitized to allergens that can be resulting asthma attacks. Fungi as an allergen can be sensitized atopic people and present a severe asthma. Fungi have been found in water-damaged homes of asthmatic patients. Allergic asthma is associated with exposure to fungal contamination in building that fungal exposure is both outside and indoors. This sensitization could be associated with high asthma severity, reduced lung function, morbidity and mortality of patients, especially in pediatric asthma form. Fungal fragments and Spores could be found indoors what origins are from fungi present outdoors. Most fungi possess diverse allergens and are metabolic products secreted outside the organism or cytoplasmic and structural components released on lysis of the fungi. Sporulation is largely determined by temperature, humidity, and moisture. So, seasonal fluctuations and geographic region have main role in determination of sporulation
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
1
2
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54152_78fc8723faa4a23e9789d404d23eb265.pdf
In vitro antifungal activity of Zataria multiflora essential oil, fluconazole and ciclopirox olamine against nonalbicans Candida species isolated from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis
Mohammad Ali
Esfandiary
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Shahram
Mahmoudi
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Farideh
Zaini
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Mahin
Safara
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Mahmoud
Mahmoudi
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Alireza
Farasat
Young Researchers & Elite Club, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Azar
Sabokbar
Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
author
Sanaz
Abbasi
Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Ghahri
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mohammad Amin
Esfandiary
Faculty of pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Parivash
Kordbacheh
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2015
eng
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antifungal activity of Zatariamultiflora essential oil, fluconazole and ciclopirox olamine against 44 non-albicansCandida isolates from patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. A set of C.glabrata (29 strains), C. krusei (3 stains) and C. patapsilosis (2 strains) were studiedusing Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth macrodilution method.The results revealed that 33 isolates were resistant (MIC=64 μg/ml), 4 isolates weresusceptible (MIC≤ 8 μg/ml) and 7 isolates had dose-dependent susceptibility (MIC= 16,32 μg/ml) to fluconazole, respectively. With regard to fluconazole, high resistance ratewas observed in C .glabrata and C. krusei. However, ciclopirox olamine was found toinhibit the growth of all non-albicans Candida species (MIC≤8 μg/ml). In this study,favorable antifungal activity against non-albicans Candida species was obtained by Z.multiflora despite having a wide range of MICs (34875-139500 μg/ml). The resultsindicated that ciclopirox olamine and Z. multiflora might be promising in the treatment ofrecurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
3
8
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54153_5cc5019b1838069f2a5268300cc0dd7e.pdf
Prevalence of Candida in saliva and skin lesions of Psoriasis Vulgaris patients
Fakhrozaman
Pezeshkpoor
Dermatology Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad Javad
Yazdanpanah
Dermatology Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
SororZaman
Family
Dermatology Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Sona
Sepahi
Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture, & Research, Mashhad, Iran; Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture, & Research (ACECR), Mashhad, IR Iran
author
Elham
Moghaddas
Parasitology Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Aliakbar
Shamsian
Parasitology Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture, & Research (ACECR), Mashhad, IR Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Knowledge is of great importance; therefore it is very crucial to use an antifungal agent asadditional treatment for psoriasis in patients. This study was designed to evaluate thepresence of Candida albicans and other species of Candida in the saliva and skin of 50psoriatic patients. The result of this study was compared to the control group of 50healthy people. This research study was carried out from July 2011 to July 2012 on fifty(50) psoriatic cases. Demographic information such as age, sex, psoriasis duration,involved areas and severity of involvement, family history, possible past diseases, anddrug history were collected. Quantitative evaluation was carried out on the saliva and skinculture of both healthy (control) and psoriatic patient to diagnose candida. Candidaalbicans was found in 34% of the saliva of patients with psoriasis and only 2% was foundin the control group which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Smear and culture ofCandida in the saliva of patients with psoriasis was 46% and 18% in the control group,statistically significant at P<0.05. From the quantitative evaluation, among the 46% ofpsoriatic patients and 18% of control group with candida, 28% and 2% were severe,respectively. The severity of candida between case and control groups was statisticallysignificant (P<0.05). Oral Candidiasis can be observed more commonly in Psoriaticpatients compared to normal ones.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
9
14
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54154_5592f4069fa80527fde6f07710243255.pdf
Prevalence of superficial fungal infections among primary school pupils in Awka South Local Government Area of Anambra State
Celestine Chukwudi
Ogbu
Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
author
Izunna
Somadina Okwelogu
Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
author
Anthonia
Chinwe Umeh
Department of Medical Microbiology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria
author
text
article
2015
eng
Skin fungal infections are common global problems with attendant morbidity amongaffected individuals. Children are mostly affected because of predisposing factors such aspoverty, overcrowding, and lack of guidance. Investigation on the prevalence ofsuperficial fungal infections among primary school pupils was carried out in Awka SouthLocal Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Six public primary schools wereselected for this study. The samples were collected by scrapping and use of a sterile swab.Microscopy and culturing methods were used to identify the infections. Of the 870 pupilsexamined, 353 (40.57%) had various skin fungal infections; Tinea capitis 229 (64.87%),Tinea corporis 96 (27.20%), Tinea faciei 25 (7.08%), and Tinea pedis 3 (0.85%). Sixtyfive(18.41%) had multiple skin fungal infections; 21 (31.34%) pupils from ObioraPrimary School, Mbaukwu, recorded the highest, while Community Primary School,Amawbia 3 (7.32%) recorded the least infection (P> 0.05). Two hundred and twenty-ninepupils (64.87%) had the highest prevalence of Tinea capitis, while 3 (0.85%) pupils hadthe least infection recorded for Tinea pedis. Pupils from Central Primary School, Nibo, 82(56.55%), had the highest prevalence, while 39 (26.90%) pupils from the Central PrimarySchool, Umuawulu had the least infection. The age group of five to nine years was moreinfected than the 10–14-year age group. More male (199 (56.37%)) than females pupilswere infected with skin fungal infections; this difference was not statistically significant.Poor personal hygiene and intimate association with household pets among the childrenwere the suspected sources of infection. Therefore, there was an urgent need for masstreatment of superficial fungal infections in all the primary schools examined.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
15
22
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54155_5337cd05462b61e40bbe9a29ea806ba3.pdf
Effect of savory essential oil, garlic powder, and garlic aqueous extract on fungal load of poultry feed
Abdolghaffar
Ownagh
Associate Professor of Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University,
Urmia, Iran
author
Mahnaz
Fallahi
Graduate of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
Bentolhoda
Rahman
PhD student in microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University,Urmia, Iran
author
Davood
Mohammadzadeh
Graduate of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
In this study, we investigated the effect of savory (Satureja hortensis) essential oil, garlic(Allium sativum) powder, and garlic aqueous extract on fungal load of poultry feed. Tothis end, savory essential oil and garlic aqueous extract each amounting 62.5, 125, and250 μl/ml and mg/ml, respectively, per kilogram of feed and garlic powder amounting2.5, 5, and 10 g/kg of feed were used. One and two weeks after adding the desiredamounts of these compounds to poultry feed, old counting was carried out at 2, 24, 48,and 72 h. Then, the results of mold counting per gram of feed were evaluated in thetreatment groups compared to the control group. Based on results, fungal load of feed wasreduced 2 h after adding savory essential oil, and this effect was sustained until the end ofthe second week. This effect was concentration-dependent, and hence fungal load reachedto zero at the highest concentration (250 μl/ml) 48 and 72 h after adding savory essentialoil (P< 0/05). Garlic powder significantly reduced the fungal load of feed, especially inthe treatment group containing the maximum dose (10 g) 72 h after adding garlic powder(P< 0.05). The garlic aqueous extract increased fungal load of feed considerably (P<0.05). So, it is suggested that savory essential oil and garlic powder can be used asappropriate alternatives for chemical agents used in controlling fungal load of poultryfeed.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
23
30
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54156_30392e6c018fac8145edfaeb459b8f6d.pdf
Effects of Silymarin on blood parameters of broilers in an experimental chronic mycotoxicosis
Ali
Talebi
Poultry Diseases Division, Department of Clinical Sciences, faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia
University, Iran
author
Ali
Haghnazari Sadaghiani
Graduated from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Iran
author
Payman
Zare
Department of Pathobiology, faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Silymarin, the principal constituent of Silybum marianum, is one of the most commonlyused herbal therapies as a natural antioxidant, hepatoprotector and antihepatotoxic agent,in counteracting the toxic effects of mycotoxins. To determine the efficacy of Silymarin,the levels of hematological and serum biochemical parameters of 70 Ross broilers from35 to 49 days of age in an experimental chronic mycotoxicosis and in the treatment withSilymarin were evaluated, in seven dietary treatment groups (Aspergillus flavus,Aspergillus fumigatus, mixed, treatments with Silymarin and control). After culture forheavy sporulation, harvested spores were suspended in sterile normal saline and pouredon fresh mash feed, incubated and incorporated as 10% of total feed. Hematological andbiochemical values including Albumin, total protein, glucose, creatinine, uric acid, ALT,ALP, AST, Hb, PCV, RBC, total and differential WBC counts were recorded every 7days. The analysis of results shows that Silymarin significantly helps to keep the levels ofhematological and serum biochemical parameters in normal range. These findings showthat Silymarin can be used effectively to reduce the toxic and suppressive effects ofmycotoxicosis.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
31
39
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54157_d2d9aef73034e00f5d5c3410ad8eaf40.pdf
Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in raw milk samples using ELISA and high-performance liquid chromatography in Qazvin, Iran
Reza
Norian
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
Razzagh
Mahmoudi
Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz,
Tabriz, Iran
author
Alireza
Porfarzaneh
Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Veterinary Medicine Office, Qazvin, Iran
author
Faramarz
Mashatian
Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Veterinary Medicine Office, Qazvin, Iran
author
Ata
Kaboudari
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
Seyedeh Faezeh
Rahimi Pir Mahalleh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
Farzad
Katiraee
Department of Pathobiology, Division of Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Use of raw milk and dairy products containing aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) has led to concern inconsumers. The present study determined the AFM1 in raw cow's milk in Qazvinprovince. In this research, 170 raw cow's milk were collected from dairy farm, dairyfactories, milk collection centers, and milk supply centers in Qazvin province during coldseasons in 2013, and all samples were examined for AFM1. The samples were analyzedwith a commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit andhigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). AFM1 contamination was observed inall milk samples. Fifty-seven milk samples (33.52%) had a contamination of AFM1,higher than the threshold level of The Institute of Standards and Industrial Research ofIran (0.5 ng/ml), whereas in 113 milk samples (66.48%), concentration of AFM1 was lessthan the limits permitted. The mean concentration of AFM1 in dairy farm was 0.215ng/ml, in dairy factories 0.268 ng/ml, in milk collection centers 0.734 ng/ml, and in milksupply centers 0.409 ng/ml. Because of high levels of contamination observed in samples,regular monitoring of contamination in milk samples and controlling most contaminatingcauses are necessary.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
41
48
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54158_3ca247fd69c13db5f2f66b5533338c52.pdf
Epidemiology and prevalence of superficial fungal infections among dormitory students in Tehran, Iran
Yousef
Eftekarjo
Pirayehzist Reference Laboratory, Qazvin, Iran; Doctor of Veterinary Medicine graduate, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Asad
Balal
Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Mehdi
Taghavi
Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Zahra Sadat
Rahimi
Department of Animal & Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Donya
Nikaein
Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran Organization, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Superficial fungal infections are one of the most prevalent skin diseases worldwide.According to clinical reports, dermatophytosis has been the most prevalent form ofsuperficial infections. It is well documented that the epidemiology of skin infectionsmight change over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology andprevalence of superficial fungal infections in dormitory students living in Tehranprovince. For this purpose, a total of 1441 male students, living in the dorms wereinvestigated. The results showed that the prevalence and incidence of disease amongdormitory students living in Tehran were 9.16 and 2.77% respectively, whileTrichophyton rubrum was the most frequently isolated species (30.34%). Tinea cruris andTinea corporis were the dominant clinical forms of the disease. Furthermore, Malasseziaspecies accounted for 33.3% of infected cases. It could be concluded that although theprevalence of dermatophytosis is quite low among students but since this disease is highlycontagious, more attention should be made to prevent the occurrence of dermatophytosisamong dormitory students.
Journal of Mycology Research
University of Tehran
2383-3181
2
v.
1
no.
2015
49
54
https://jmr.ut.ac.ir/article_54159_3a0d5e41bafe367b8ffa5e941dbfc264.pdf